英语词汇导学–顾巍老师

一、题型

  1. 完形填空 10分
  2. 阅读理解 40分
  3. 翻译 15分
  4. 作文 25分

二、备考四个阶段

  1. 基本功夯实 1-6月
  2. 真题解密 6-8月
  3. 巩固提高 8-10月
  4. 模考冲刺 10-12月

三、词汇

  1. 基础词汇 2000左右
  2. 核心词汇 3000左右,包括词组
  3. 边缘词汇 1000左右

四、准备词汇

  1. 分类理解
  2. 科学的记忆法
  3. 学以致用

五、常见记忆法

  1. 词根词缀记忆
  2. 谐音联想
  3. 多义词联想
  4. 形近字联想
  5. 近义词反义词联想
  6. 阅读记忆法

六、A开头重点单词盘点

A 1)a-/ar-/al- … A 开头的前缀加强词义不改变词义 2)ab-/abs-:反、用坏、用掉

  1. abandon vt. 抛弃 摒弃 - give up abndon one’s hope Good love makes you see the whole world from one person while bad love makes you abandon the whole world for one person.

  2. abide vi. abide by 遵守 abide by the law-conform to the law Abide by the local laws and regulations 遵守当地的法律法规

  3. abnormal adj. 反常的(ab+normal正常的)

  4. abolish vt. 使流产,取消,废除 abolish the system/abolish the laow cancel vt. 取消

  5. abound vi. 丰富大量 abundant adj. 丰富的大量的 redundant adj. 多余的;过剩的

  6. abroad adv. 到国外 ab-离开;study abroad留学;go abroad出国 aboard adv./prep 在船上,在火车,飞机上 board 甲板;a-处于…状态;表语形容词 alive/alone/asleep/alike/ashore/awake

  7. absolute adj. 绝对的

  8. absent 缺席的(ab+sent 出现–>没有出现–>缺席的 be absent from class) present adj 出席的,现在的 n 礼物 v 介绍呈现

  9. absorb 吸收(ab+sorb 吸收–>吸收掉)

  10. abstract 提取;抽象的;摘要(abs+tract拉–>被拉开–>提取) abstract vt.提炼 abs-=ab-; n.摘要; adj.抽象的 abstract some mineral out of the ore 从矿石中提炼矿物 tractor 拖拉机; extract vt. 拔出 extract a tooth 拔牙 distract vt. 转移分心;cntract vi.挤压,压缩,收缩; protract vt.延长 atract吸引

  11. absurd adj. 荒谬的,荒诞的(态度干扰题选项) The idea that number “13” brings bad luck seems to be quite absurb.

  12. abundant adj. 大量的 -abound vi. 丰富大量

  13. abuse (ab+use 用–> 用坏–> 滥用) vt. 滥用; 虐待 n. 滥用;虐待 abuse one’s power/authority abuse children 虐童 /captives 虐待俘虏; drug abuse 吸毒 child abuse 虐待儿童

  14. academic adj. 专业的,学术的; academic discussion / freedom academy 专业院校(方向) a military academy 军事院校 college 专科院校;学院(英)=school institute 研究院 school 大学下属学院(美) law/business school 法/商学院 university 综合大学 universe 宇宙

  15. accelerate v. 加速

  16. access n. 进入,途径[u]; -cess,-ceed=go,move; have access to doing sth 有做sth的途径,方法

  17. acclaim n./v.欢呼;claim声称; proclaim 宣布=declare; proclaim peace/war reclaim vt. 开拓;回收再利用;改造某人,使某人悔改 to reclaim the ladn from the sea 填海造地

  18. accommodate vt. 1.容纳=contain(物);2.给sb提供居所(人)

  19. accompany vt. 陪伴 accompany sb to sp

  20. accomplish vt. 完成,达到,实现 accomplish one’s purpose

  21. accord n. 符合,一致;in accord with sb 和…保持一致 in accordance with = according to 根据

  22. account n. 账目 accountant 会计师;count v. 数 1)take…into account 考虑到=consider 2)account for a. 占(比例)b. 解释 He can not account for his absence 3) on account of 由于,因为 He was absent from the class on account of his illness

  23. accumulate vt. (逐渐)积累;cumulate 累积,积累

  24. accuse vt. 指责,指控;curse 诅咒,诅骂 accuse sb of sth=charge sb with sth 指控某人某事 she was even accused of child abuse

  25. accustomed adj. 习惯了的;custom 风俗,习俗;used to do 过去常常 be accustomed to doing/do = be used to doing

  26. achieve vt.(经努力)达到目的,如愿以偿 achieve one’s purpose; achieve one’s goal; achievement 完成;成就

  27. acknowledge vt. 承认;致谢

  28. acquaint vt. 结识,使熟悉,使了解

  29. acquire vt.(通过努力)获得 -quire 追求 acquire a degree/language(褒义) inquire 询问,调查(into);require 需要,要求; Enquire 询问,打听(about),调查 Can I enquire about the accident? 能否请问这次事故的情况?

  30. actual adj. 实际的;actually adv.实际上= in fact

  31. caute adj. 1) 急性的 2)敏锐的 3)强烈的

  32. adapt vt. 使适应 adapt oneself to = adjust oneself to adopt sth 采纳,接受 adopt sb’s advice; adopt sb 领养 adopt an orphan; an adapted son 养子

  33. additional adj. 增加的,额外的=extra

  34. address v. 发表演讲,做演讲;vt. 称呼,处理;n.地址(不重要);address to sb aut a meeting 在会上发言 address the environmental problem

  35. adequate adj. 1) 令人满意的 satisfying; 2). 足够的(质量) I’m sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job.

  36. adhere vi. 粘附,坚持 adhere to 坚持; cling to ; stick to adhere to the original plan 坚持原计划

  37. adjust vt. 调整,使…适合;校准

  38. administer vt.管理;minister n.部长,大臣

  39. admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕; adore vt. 崇拜;爱慕 idot n. 偶像

  40. admit v. 1) 承认 admit doing (被迫)承认;2)允许进入 -mit=go She immediately came to me to admit her mistake. admission n.承认,允许进入,录取 admission scores 录取分数线 admission test 入学考试=entrance test

  41. adopt vt. 采纳;领养

  42. advance v.前进 进步

  43. advantage n.优势 disadvantage 劣势

  44. adventure n. 冒险(运动);venture n.(事业)冒险;a joint venture 合资企业

  45. advertise v. 做广告; advertisement n. 广告(ad.)

  46. advisable adj. 明智的=sensible; advise v.建议;advice n. 建议;advisor n. 顾问;advisory adj. 顾问的

  47. advocate vt.倡导,提倡 advocate sth

  48. affect (作文重点词汇)影响(常贬义) Smoking can affect one’s health. 吸烟会影响人的健康 n. have an effect on sb/sth; influence n.(中性)have an influence on sb affection n. 爱=love; win sb’s affections 赢得某人的爱; affectionate adj. 慈祥的,恩爱的;affectionate eyes/parents/couples

  49. affiliate vt. 使附属;vi. 参加,加入; n.附属机构 a middle school affiliated to Renmin University人大附属中学

  50. affluent adj. 富有的,富裕的 fluent adj. 流利的;flu 流感

  51. afford v. 承担的起,负担的起

  52. agency n. 代理机构

  53. agent n. 代理人 a housing agent 房屋中介

  54. agenda n. 议事日程;on the agenda 根据仪事日程

  55. aggravate vt. 加剧,加重,恶化 Stress and lack of sleep can aggravate the situation.

  56. aggression n. 1)进取心,上进心 2)进攻,侵略 -gress 滚动,走 aggressive adj. 1)有进取心的 2)好斗的,侵略的 congress 会议,国会;progress 进步;regress 退步

  57. agony n. 剧痛 pain/suffering; in agony 痛苦不堪

  58. aid v. 帮助;n.帮助;come to sb’s aid/rescue 来帮助/拯救sb

  59. alarm n.警报;vt.使恐慌 soud/give an alarm; an alarm clock

  60. alert vt.使警觉 adj 警觉的,机灵的 be alert to

  61. alienation n. 疏远;alien n.外星人,外国人;adj.陌生的;alienate vt.使疏远

  62. alike adj.(表语) adj.相识的 The twins look alike. adv. 相同,相似; Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。

  63. allocate vt. 分配,分发; The federal budget allocated $7.3 billon for development programes.

  64. allowance n.零花钱,津贴,补贴 a housing allowance 住房津贴;living allowance 生活津贴

  65. ally v. 结为联盟 n.同盟国,支持者

  66. alter v. 改变(部分,程度)alter one’s trousers

  67. alternate v. 轮流使用;adj.轮流的 alternative n.替代物,选择余地,选择方法(二者择一) have no alternative but to do 别无选择do vary vt. 使多样化 vi.浮动 vary from A to B;vary between A and B;variety n.多样化,多样性 range v.浮动,变动 n.范围,领域 range from A to B;range betweent A and B modify 修改;修饰 modify the law 修订法律 convert (两种事物之间的)转变 convert some dollars into RMB convert defeat into victory 转败为胜

  68. altitude n.海拔高度 attitude 态度;longitude 经度;latitude 纬度

  69. amateur adj. 业余的 an amateur player;professional adj.专业的

  70. amaze vt. 使惊异 be/feel amazed; astonish vt.使惊愕 be/feel astonished surprise/startle/shock

  71. ambitious adj. 雄心壮志的,野心勃勃的; ambition n.抱负,雄心;野心 He has a soaring ambiton 他凌云壮志

  72. amendment n.修订,修正案;amend v. 修订; bill –> 议案 –>法案 –> amendment 修正案

  73. ample adj. 大量的,丰富的 abundant

  74. amplify v. 扩大(音量等)

  75. amuse vt. 娱乐,使愉快;amusement n. 娱乐

  76. analysis n. 分析 analyze vt. 分析

  77. annoy vt. 激怒,使苦恼 irriate 激怒 provoke 激怒挑衅

  78. anticipate v. 预料,期待

  79. apparatus n. 一套仪器,一套装置 a heating apparatus 一套供暖设备 appliance 电器 household appliances 家电

  80. apparent adj. 1)表面的 apparent indifference 表面的冷漠; 2)明显的 apparent difference 明显的不同 It is apparent to us that he is lying. transparent adj. 透明的

  81. appeal vi. appeal to 1)对…有感染力/吸引力 2)诉诸,求助于 3)呼吁,请求 Shakespeare’s works appeal to us a lot. 莎士比亚的作品对我们很有感染力 appeal to the law/arms 诉诸法律/武力 appeal to the judge for mercy 请求法官给予怜悯

  82. appetite n. 胃口,欲望 pet 宠物 appetizer 饭前开胃菜 dessert 饭后甜点 have an appetite for 有…的欲望

  83. applause n. 鼓掌,掌声 applaud v. 鼓掌

  84. appliance n. 电器 apply 应用

  85. applicable adj. 适用的,可应用的; appley apply for a visa 申请签证;apply to teaching/practice 应用于 applicant n. 申请者;application n. 申请 applicable adj. 适用的,可应用的;be applicable to apply oneself to +n. 忙于…; apply one’s energies to + n. 忙于

  86. appoint vt. 1)任命 2)约定,约会 appointment n. 1)任命;2)约会(date 男女约会) have an appointment with sb. disappoint vt. 使失望;disappointment n. 失望 Delegate vt 授权,任命,指定;n 代表

  87. appraisal n. 评价,评估;appraise vt. 评价,评估;praise vt. 表扬,赞扬 to appraise sb’s achievements/performance 评价某人的成就/表现

  88. appreciate vt. 1)理解 领会 i appreciate your anxiety about your son’s illness. 2)感激 appreciate sth;I appreciate your help a lot. (不能接人) 3)欣赏,鉴赏 to appreciate English poems.

  89. approach v. 接近 n. 方法(way/method);接近 The Spring Festival is approaching. an approachable teacher 和蔼可亲的老师 He put forward a good approach to dealing with the problem.

  90. appropriate adj. 适当的,恰当的(文);on an appropriate occasion 适当的场合;vt. 挪用

  91. approve vi. 同意,赞同 approve of sb’s plan; vt. 批准,通过

  92. apt adj. 1)聪明的,敏捷的 an apt student; 2)有…趋势的,倾向于…的 be apt to do

  93. arise vi. 出现 arose arisen;appear= come up = sping up = turn up = emerge 出现 A new problem has arisen at the meeting. rise vi. rose risen 上升;raise vt. 升起,使出现

  94. arouse vt. 激起,引起=cause; arouse sb’s enthusiasm arouse sb’s suspicion 怀疑;arouse sb’s concern 关注

  95. array n. an array of (排列整齐的)一排;一批;一系列;大量 The government is confronted with a complex array of economic problems. 政府面对着一系列复杂的经济问题

  96. arrest n. v. 逮捕

  97. arrogant adj. 高傲的

  98. article n. 1)文章 2)物品

  99. artificial adj. 人工的,非自然的,假的; AI - artificial intelligence 人工智能 artificial flowers/leather 假花/人造革 artificial satellite 人造卫星;natural自然的;fake adj. 假的,伪劣的,仿冒的 v. 伪造 forged 伪造的;假的 a forged diploma 假文凭 fabricated adj. 捏造的,编造的 a fabricated story 编造的报导

  100. ascend v. 上升;descend 下降 descendant 后代

  101. ashamed adj. 羞愧的 be ashamed of;shame n. 羞耻; shameful adj. 可耻的(行为);a shameful cheat on exams shameless adj. 无耻的(人)

  102. aspect n. 方面 -spect 看;respect n. 方面 vt. 尊重;expect 期待 inspect 检查,视察; prospect 前景,前途;introspect 内省;retrospect 回顾; Perspective n. 观点,远景,透视图 spectator 观众 viewer/audience

  103. assembly n. (人)集合,集会,大会; the freedom of assembly 集会的自由; the General Assembly 联合国大会 an assembly line/shop 生产线/车间 assemble vt. (人)召集,聚集,集中;(物)组装 to assemble the pupils for a game;to assemble a machine Resmble vt. 相像,类似

  104. assert vt. 认为,断言

  105. assessment n. 评估 assess 评估 评价

  106. asset n. 资产,优点 常用复数assets;assess sb’s assets/possessions

  107. assignment n. 1)分配,委派 2)任务,作业;sign 签名;resign 辞职,放弃;design 设计

  108. assist vt. 帮助=help;assist sb with sth;assistant n.助手 insist 主张,坚持,认为 insist on doing consist of vi. 组成(无被动形式); The class(个体)consists of 100 students(整体). persis 坚持(继续)persist in doing; resist vt. 抵制,反对 resist the temptation

  109. associate v. 1)交往,来往 associate with sb vt. 2)使联系,使联合 associate A with B We often associate Santa Clause with Christmas. adj. 副的 associate professors 副教授 association n. 1)交往 2)联想 3)俱乐部,协会

  110. assume 1)假设 2)认为 3)承担 assume one’s office 就职 assumption n. 假设,观点,承担 consume 1)耗尽 use up/run out/exhaust;2)消耗,消费 presume 假设; resume n. 简历;vi 继续 resume to do sth

  111. assure vt. 保证 assure sb of sth;assure sb that s’+v’ insure sth against 给sth投保;insurance company 保险公司 ensure sth/that s’+v’ 确定,确信

  112. astonish vt. 使惊愕 amaze vt. 使惊异

  113. attach vt. 粘;attach A to B attach a label to one’s luggage attach much importance to … 重视 Now many people attach great importance to health detach 断开,分开

  114. attain 1)vt. 实现,完成,(通过努力)取得 2)vi. 达到,到达 attain(to) (答案) attain one’s purpose attainment 造诣 attain (to) the mountain top 到达山顶 attain (to) manhood 进入成年期 attain (to) perfection 臻于完美 atttain(到达)–>obtiain(得到)–>entertain(娱乐)–retain(保持)–>contain(容纳)–>maintain(保养)–>(维持)sustain–>detain(扣留;耽搁)–>abstain(戒除)

  115. attempt 1)试图 attempt to do 2)努力 endeavor to do = try to do = make efforts to do contempt n. 轻视蔑视 temp v. 诱惑;temptation n. 诱惑;resist temptation

  116. attend vi. 关注,应对,处理,应对 attend to attend to an emergency matter 处理 pretend/contend主张斗争 attend to a sick man 照顾病人 vt. 出席 attend a meeting;attend Harvard 上哈佛;attend school 上学 tend 1)趋势 tend to do 往往…;2)照顾,照料 look after tend the cattle 照顾牛群 tendency n. 趋势 tender adj. (sb) 温柔的,和蔼的;(sth)娇嫩的

  117. attract vt. 吸引 vi. 有吸引力,引起注意

  118. attribute v. 归功于,归属于,归因于 attribute sth to sb attribute one’s success to good luck tribute n. 贡品 distribute sth to 分发,分配;contribute to vi. 1)为…做贡献 2)有助于 Good luck contributes to one;s success 3)vt. 捐助 sth;contribute sth to contribute a sum of money to the refugees

  119. audience n. 观众(集合)

  120. authority n. 权力,权威;right 权利;author n.作者;authority n.权威 be an authority on English authoritites n.政府,当局;the local authorities 地方当局 authorize vt. 授权 authorize sb to do

  121. automatic adj. 自动的 ATM-Automatic TellerMachine; automobile 汽车=auto(美)

  122. availabel adj. 可使用的,可得到的;be available for

  123. avoidable adj. 可以避免的

  124. award vt. 授予 n. 奖品;capture the fire award 夺得第一等奖;reward vt. n. 回报 reward sb sth

  125. aware adj. 意识到的 be aware/consicious of/that s’+v’ He was aware of being watched

  126. awful adj. 可怕的 = terrible;awe 敬畏;可怕; awfully adv. 非常,极其 I’m awfully sorry 非常对不起

  127. awkward adj. 1)设计不良的(物)an awkward bridge 2)笨拙的(人)an awkward man 3)尴尬的 awkward silence

七、A开头新增词汇

  1. aftermath n. (战争、事故、不快事情的)后果,创伤

  2. aggregate v. 合计 n. 总体,集合体 aggregate supply 总供给,总体供应,总体给量,需求 aggregate performance 总体表现

  3. albeit conj. 虽然,尽管

  4. algorithm 算法;计算程序

  5. align vt. 使结盟;事成一行;匹配

  6. archive n. 档案馆;档案文件;vt. 把…存档

  7. arena n. 舞台;竞技场

  8. artifact n. 人工制品,手工艺品;遗物;(artefact的另一种拼法)